Tinnitus ENT Care in Singapore

Tinnitus, also known as “ringing in the ears,” is a condition characterised by the perception of noise or ringing, buzzing, hissing, or clicking sounds in the ears when no external sound is present. It can affect one or both ears and may vary in pitch, frequency, and duration. Tinnitus is a symptom rather than a disease itself and can result from a variety of underlying causes. It ranges from being a mild nuisance to a debilitating experience for those affected. This article explores the causes, types, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and management strategies for tinnitus, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of this complex condition.

Understanding Tinnitus: Cause and Symptoms

Tinnitus is not a singular condition but a symptom of an underlying health issue. It is one of the most common health conditions, affecting approximately 10% to 15% of the adult population worldwide. While it is more prevalent among older adults, tinnitus can affect individuals of any age, including children.

Symptoms and Causes of Tinnitus

Recognising Tinnitus Symptoms

Tinnitus presents as a range of sounds perceived by individuals without any external source. These sounds can vary widely:

• Ringing: Often described as a high-pitched, bell-like tone, this is one of the most common forms of tinnitus.
• Buzzing: This may sound like a low, constant hum, similar to the noise of electrical appliances.
• Hissing: A sound akin to steam or white noise, sometimes fluctuating in intensity.
• Clicking: Rhythmic noises that may feel like they’re in sync with your heartbeat or jaw movement.

The intensity of tinnitus can greatly vary. For some, it might be a mild background noise, while for others, it can be so loud that it disrupts concentration, sleep, and overall hearing. Persistent tinnitus can lead to significant stress, anxiety, and difficulty in focusing on daily tasks, as the constant noise interferes with mental clarity and rest.

Common Causes of Tinnitus

1. Exposure to Loud Noises: One of the most prevalent causes of tinnitus is prolonged exposure to loud sounds, whether at work, during concerts, or through personal audio devices. These noises can damage the hair cells in the cochlea of the inner ear, leading to persistent tinnitus even after the exposure ends.
2. Ear Infections and Earwax Buildup: ENT-related issues such as ear infections, excessive earwax, or blockages in the ear canal can cause or exacerbate tinnitus. When the ear canal is obstructed, normal hearing is disrupted, leading to the perception of internal sounds.
3. Age-Related Hearing Loss: As people age, the natural degeneration of cells in the inner ear can lead to hearing loss, which is often accompanied by tinnitus. This type of tinnitus is usually associated with a high-pitched ringing or buzzing sound.
4. Medical Conditions Linked to Tinnitus: Tinnitus can also be a symptom of various medical conditions. For instance, hypertension (high blood pressure) can affect blood flow to the ears, leading to a pulsating type of tinnitus. Similarly, TMJ (temporomandibular joint) disorders, which affect the jaw, can also lead to tinnitus due to the proximity of the jaw joint to the ear. Certain medications, such as ototoxic drugs, can also trigger or worsen tinnitus symptoms.

Understanding the symptoms and causes of tinnitus is essential for managing this condition effectively and improving one’s quality of life. By identifying the underlying causes and recognising the symptoms, individuals can seek appropriate treatment and take steps to mitigate the impact of tinnitus on their daily lives.